Maxwell Adam

max at v3rv dot com

Publications

Spectroscopy at Scale: Finding Interpretable Structure in Pythia-1.4B

Susceptibilities as an interpretability technique at 1B+ scale: show and tell from Pythia-1.4B.

Daniel Murfet*, Andrew Gordon*, Maxwell Adam*, George Wang*, Jesse Hoogland*, Garrett Baker*, William Snell, Stan van Wingerden, Adam Newgas, Billy Snikkers, Rohan Hitchcock*

How to Scale Susceptibilities

The mathematics and methodologies behind scaling and analyzing susceptibilities.

Andrew Gordon*, Maxwell Adam*, Jesse Hoogland*, Daniel Murfet*

The Loss Kernel: A Geometric Probe for Deep Learning Interpretability

We introduce the loss kernel, an interpretability method for measuring similarity between data points according to a trained neural network. The kernel is the covariance matrix of per-sample losses computed under a distribution of low-loss-preserving parameter perturbations.

Maxwell Adam*, Zach Furman*, Jesse Hoogland

Bayesian Influence Functions for Hessian-Free Data AttributionICLR 2026

We propose the local Bayesian influence function (BIF), an extension of classical influence functions that replaces Hessian inversion with loss landscape statistics that can be estimated via stochastic-gradient MCMC sampling.

Philipp Alexander Kreer*, Wilson Wu, Maxwell Adam, Zach Furman, Jesse Hoogland

Influence Dynamics and Stagewise Data AttributionICLR 2026

We introduce a framework for stagewise data attribution grounded in singular learning theory. We predict that influence can change non-monotonically, including sign flips and sharp peaks at developmental transitions. We first validate these predictions in a toy model, then at scale in language models, where token-level influence changes align with known developmental stages.

Jin Hwa Lee*, Matthew Smith*, Maxwell Adam, Jesse Hoogland

Interpreting Complexity

Leveraging differences in circuit complexity to uncover and interpret latent structure in neural networks, using measures from Singular Learning Theory.

Maxwell Adam

Experience

Timaeus — Research Scientist

July 2025 – present

Timaeus — Research Intern

Jun 2025 – July 2025

Zendesk, Melbourne Aus — Engineering Intern

September 2022 – March 2023

Education

The University of Melbourne

February 2024 – Present

Mix of neuroscience, math, and computer science

RMIT University, Melbourne Aus

February 2023 – November 2023

Bachelor of CS